The content of some useful and biologically active substances in coffee beans and waste products obtained during roasting

A comparative study of the chemical composition of samples of green and roasted coffee beans, as well as coffee waste (coffee roasting defects and coffee husks) provided by LLC "Coffee Plus" (Syktyvkar) was conducted. It was found that the content of neutral lipids (NL) in the samples, depending on the extractant, ranges from 1.2 to 7.2 (hexane) and from 4.4 to 8.4% of dry weight (chloroform). It has been shown that the content of higher fatty acids (HFA) in the NL of coffee beans ranges from 14.24 to 15.54% by weight of NL. In coffee husks, their content is only 7.37%. Palmitic (35-39%) and linoleic (26.19‒41.68%) acids are predominant from the total content of VFA. It was found that the NL of coffee husks differ from coffee bean samples by a significantly higher amount of myristic, arachinic, begenic and lignocerinic acids. It is shown that the yield of ethylacetane extracts from the studied samples is 7.7‒9.0% by weight of dry raw materials. In all extracts, caffeine was detected by chromatographic methods, the content of which in green, roasted grains, coffee bean waste and coffee husks is 1.10, 1.75, 1.60 and 0.48% of dry raw materials, respectively. In addition, chlorogenic acid isomers were found in coffee bean samples.