CONTENT AND COMPONENT COMPOSITION OF ESSENTIAL OIL FROM FRESHLY COLLECTED INFLORESCENCES OF WILD PLANTS FILIPENDULA ULMARIA (ROSACEAE) IN THE MIDDLE TAIGA SUBZONE OF THE KOMI REPUBLIC

The results of a long-term study (2017–2023) of the quantitative and qualitative composition of essential oil from freshly collected inflorescences of Filipendula ulmaria, selected for analysis during the flowering period of plants from two natural populations of the Syktyvdinsky district of the Komi Republic. It has been established that the content of essential oil in wild plants can vary from 0.09 to 0.19%, regardless of the weather conditions of the growing season. Using chromatography-mass spectrometry, the component composition of the essential oil was identified and 36 compounds were identified. It was found that in all years of research, salicylic aldehyde (31–73.1%) and methyl salicylate (21.9–55.8%) dominated in the essential oil from freshly collected inflorescences, reaching a total of 81–98% in a separate sample. 19 compounds were present in the essential oil in an amount of more than 0.2%, the total share of the remaining 15 components was only 1.3%. The results obtained on the content of essential oil and its component composition in wild plants Filipendula ulmaria, widespread in the middle taiga subzone of the Komi Republic allow the search and selection of more productive natural populations to obtain high-quality vegetable raw materials for the production of essential oil.