TANNINS IN THE RHIZOMES OF SOME REPRESENTATIVES OF THE GENUS POTENTILLA L. COLLECTION SOUTH-URAL BOTANICAL GARDEN-INSTITUTE OF UFA FEDERAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

Tannins are high-molecular phenolic compounds that are widely found in nature and have pharmacological activity (anti-inflammatory and antibacterial action). The genus cinquefoil (Potentilla L.) is the most extensive in the Rosaceae family. Potentilla contains a wide range of biologically active compounds (tannins, flavonoids, vitamins, organic acids), which determines their pharmacological effect. The aim of the work was a comparative study of the content of tannins in the rhizomes of some representatives of the genus Potentilla L, introduced in the collection South-Ural Botanical Garden-Institute of Ufa Federal Research Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences. As a result of qualitative reactions, the presence of tannins in the studied raw materials was determined. Thin layer chromatography revealed the presence of catechin (Rf=0.94), gallic acid (Rf=0.89), luteolin-7-glycoside (Rf=0.76) and rutin (Rf=0.32). It was revealed that the nature of the manifestation depended on the species characteristics, so catechin in the form of a grayish-brown spot was found in rocky, golden-flowered, erect cinquefoil, a spot was very weakly manifested in white cinquefoil. Also, in the course of chromatographic analysis, it was shown that spots of gallic acid, which is in a free state in the raw material of cinquefoil, have a more intense color. According to the results of spectral studies, the coincidence of the absorption maxima of extracts from rhizomes of cinquefoil with the maximum of the standard sample of gallic acid at a wavelength of 277±2 nm was observed. As a result of quantitative analysis, it was revealed that the amount of tannins ranged from 7.98 to 17.14%. Despite the fact that the content of tannins in the pharmacopoeial species (P. erecta) is higher than in the studied taxa, Potentilla alba, P. chrysantha, P. rupestris are still of interest for their further study.