Fixed Orthodontic Retentions from Orthodontists’ Perspectives (A Qualitative Study)

Objective: This study aimed to investigate orthodontists' perspectives and experiences with fixed orthodontic retention, emphasizing its effectiveness, challenges, and recommended practices. It aimed to uncover the factors that influence the selection and management of fixed retainers and their impact on patient care. Methods: To select experienced orthodontists, a qualitative study design with purposive sampling was employed. Structured interviews were conducted with 15 participants, and verbal responses were recorded using phone sound recorders. The recordings were transcribed verbatim and analyzed through thematic analysis. Data collection and analysis were carried out simultaneously to ensure data saturation, which was reached after 15 interviews. Results: Thematic analysis identified eight key themes: perceptions of fixed retainers, patient compliance and education, technological and practical considerations, long-term outcomes and follow-up, treated malocclusion types, professional development and continuing education, multidisciplinary collaboration, and patient-centered care. Fixed retainers are generally regarded as effective for maintaining alignment, particularly in cases where patient compliance is less critical, making them preferable to removable retainers in specific scenarios. However, concerns were noted regarding potential drawbacks, such as maintenance challenges, increased plaque accumulation, and difficulties achieving long-term success. Enhancing compliance and retainer effectiveness requires educational initiatives and technological advancements. The type of malocclusion significantly influences the choice of fixed retainers, especially in cases involving generalized spacing or severe rotations. Ongoing professional development, multidisciplinary collaboration, and patient-centered strategies are essential for providing tailored treatment plans and improving patient satisfaction. Conclusions: This study highlights the complex dynamics of fixed orthodontic retention and introduces Structured-Self-Reply (SSR) interviews as a novel qualitative data collection method. Successful retention strategies necessitate integrating advanced technology, patient education, consideration of malocclusion types, and multidisciplinary collaboration. Addressing these elements can lead to improved patient outcomes and greater overall effectiveness of orthodontic treatment. Future research should explore cost-effective retention methods, long-term outcomes, and approaches to enhance patient adherence to retention protocols.