Factores determinantes de la competitividad en las Pymes de América Latina. Revisión sistemática

Small and medium-sized enterprises in Latin America face multiple challenges that limit their competitiveness, such as financial constraints, limited technological access and low innovation. Although studies on competitiveness exist, no consensus has been established on the determinants of competitiveness in the Latin American context. The aim was to identify the determinants of competitiveness in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Latin America. To this end, a systematic review of the scientific literature was carried out. The main determinants recognised were financial competences, strategic planning, innovation, human resource management, organisational framework, technology use and eco-innovation. It is concluded that the competitiveness of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) depends on the confluence of internal and external determinants, which emphasises the need for holistic methodologies encompassing innovative strategies, sustainability and public policies that foster a favourable environment for entrepreneurial advancement.