Phytochemical profile and physicochemical characterization of the leaves of Bauhinia racemosa

The current study focuses on the comprehensive evaluation of the phytochemical and physicochemical properties of Bauhinia racemosa (B. racemosa) leaves, a plant widely used in traditional medicine across Asia. Fresh leaves were collected, authenticated, air-dried, and powdered before undergoing Soxhlet extraction with solvents such as acetone, water, chloroform, dichloromethane, ethanol, ethyl acetate, and petroleum ether. Physicochemical parameters — including ash values, extractive values, moisture content, and potential of hydrogen (pH) — were measured to ensure quality and stability. Qualitative phytochemical screening revealed the presence of bioactive compounds, including carbohydrates, proteins, glycosides, steroids, flavonoids, tannins, and phenolic compounds, known for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. Notably, the identification of flavonoids and phenolic compounds underscores the plant’s potential for managing oxidative stress and related health conditions. We establish a foundational profile of B. racemosa leaves, contributing to their standardization and supporting their medicinal value for potential applications in herbal medicine and pharmaceutical development.