Application of Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS-MA) vs Root Cause Analysis (RCA) in Investigation of Maritime Incident within Marine Ports

Abstract: This study compares the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) and Root Cause Analysis (RCA) in the context of marine incident investigations within the Marine Port. HFACS focuses on human error and organizational influences, while RCA identifies the underlying causes of incidents through a systematic process. The comparison highlights HFACS’s detailed approach to human and systemic factors and RCA’s efficiency in pinpointing direct causes. The findings suggest that both methods have unique strengths and, when used together, can provide a more comprehensive framework for improving safety and risk management in port operations.