Impact of Multidisciplinary Approaches on the Diagnosis and Management of Non-Neoplastic Odontogenic Maxillary Sinus Pathologies: A Retrospective Clinical, Radiological, and Surgical Study

Background: Otolaryngologists, dentists, and maxillofacial surgeons frequently manage patients with non-neoplastic odontogenic pathologies (NNOP) of the maxillary sinus (MS), a condition distinct from non-odontogenic rhinosinusitis, which often necessitates a collaborative multidisciplinary approach. Aim of this study was to explore the various etiologies of NNOP of the maxillary sinus, ranging from periodontitis to augmentative implant procedures, and to assess the impact of different combined expertise of Otolaryngologists, dentists, and maxillofacial surgeons in treating these conditions and how this approach reducing diagnostic errors and improving treatment outcomesMaterials and methods: A retrospective analysis of 37 patients diagnosed with NNOP of MS from 2018–2021 was conducted. Data were gathered from clinical examinations, preoperative CBCT scans, endoscopic findings, and surgical reports. The treatment protocol involved a combination of dental, surgical, and endoscopic interventions, guided by a collaborative approach from maxillofacial surgeons, otolaryngologists, and dentists.Results: The study identified a variety of odontogenic etiologies, including periodontal disease, traumatic extractions, and implant-related issues. The findings also highlighted the importance of early diagnosis and a tailored treatment approach that integrates dental procedures with surgical interventions. Clinical outcomes improved when managed collaboratively across specialtiesConclusion: A multidisciplinary approach, involving otolaryngologists, dentists, and maxillofacial surgeons, significantly improves the diagnosis and treatment of NNOP of MS. The development of a standardized protocol for treatment based on etiological factors can lead to better patient outcomes and reduce the likelihood of misdiagnosis.