Immunity, Haematology and Biochemical analysis of Ross 308 and Avian 48 Broiler Strains under Different Egyptian Environmental Conditions and Housing Systems

Two genotypes of poultry (Ross 308 and Avian 48) in two housing systems (semi-closed and open system) in two different seasons (winter and summer) as Completely Randomized design for eight treatment groups were utilized to study immunity, haematology and biochemical traits. These results showed that Ross and Avian genotypes raised in open system in summer showed highest values of immunity, haematology and biochemical traits. The results indicate that heat stress by summer season, especially for birds raised in open system, which is lacking the control in heat stress, resulting in improving immunity, haematology and biochemical values. The present study findings are a good indicator of strain preferences under specific Egyptian conditions. Outcomes can be used by local farmers, as well as breeders who wish to further improve specific strains for different conditions. Conclusively, the present results showed that Ross 308 and Avian 48 broilers raised under open system in summer performed better immunity and haematology than other groups under Egyptian subtropical conditions, while Ross 308 and Avian 48 broilers raised under open system and semi-closed system in summer and winter, respectively, performed better biochemical than other groups. Therefore, it is recommended that Ross 308 and Avian 48 broilers should be raised under open system with stocking density of 10 birds/m2in summer. The study reveals significant differences in haematology and biochemical traits and immune responses between eight combinations, highlighting the importance of genetic and environmental factors in determining their immunological capabilities and suggesting future research to identify specific markers for enhanced immune function.