Clinicoepidemiological Study of Psoriasis Among Preparatory School Students in Damietta Governorate

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated disease that significantly affects the skin, nails, and joints, with both genetic and environmental factors contributing to its pathogenesis. In children and adolescents, psoriasis can severely impact quality of life, self-esteem, and social relationships. The prevalence of psoriasis varies widely globally, with different rates reported in various regions. Aim of the work: This study aims to describe the clinico-epidemiological aspects of psoriasis among preparatory school students in Damietta Governorate, Egypt. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 4162 preparatory school-aged children in Damietta from October 2023 to May 2024. The sample was proportionally clustered, and data were collected through structured questionnaires and clinical examinations. The inclusion criteria were children aged 10 to 18 years, both male and female, residing in Damietta. The primary outcome measured was the prevalence of psoriasis, while secondary outcomes included demographic characteristics, disease characteristics, and associated comorbidities. Results: The study included 4162 children, with a mean age of 14 ± 0.87 years. The prevalence of psoriasis was 0.1%, with 6 cases identified. Among the psoriatic cases, 66.6% were male and 33.3% were female, with an equal distribution between urban and rural residencies. The most common dermatological diseases observed were dandruff (10.9%), pityriasis alba (7.2%), and acne (6.1%). A significant correlation was found between dermatological diseases and residency, with urban areas having a higher prevalence of dandruff and acne. Conclusion: The study provides valuable insights into the prevalence and characteristics of psoriasis among preparatory school students in Damietta. The findings highlight the need for targeted interventions and awareness programs to manage and mitigate the impact of psoriasis in this population.