IN VITRO STUDY ON THE SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ERBIUM-DOPEDHYDROXYAPATITE/BIOGLASS-POLYVINYL ALCOHOL SCAFFOLD FOR PERIODONTAL BONEREGENERATION

Periodontal disease leads to alveolar bone loss, necessitating bone grafting for regeneration. Traditional grafts, including autografts and allografts, have limitations such as donor site morbidity and immune rejection. Bone tissue engineering (BTE) offers an alternative approach using biocompatible scaffolds. This study investigates the potential of an erbium-doped hydroxyapatite (HA)-bioglass-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite scaffold for bone regeneration. Materials and Methods: The study synthesized an erbium-doped HA, bioglass, and PVA composite scaffold. The scaffold was characterized morphologically using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Biological evaluations included hemostatic behavior, anti-inflammatory response, and biocompatibility assessments using an MTT assay and live/dead cell analysis. Results: FTIR confirmed the structural integrity of the scaffold with characteristic peaks of HA, bioglass, and PVA. SEM revealed a porous, flower-like morphology, promoting cell attachment and nutrient exchange. Hemostatic analysis demonstrated enhanced clot formation, with SEM micrographs showing aggregated RBCs on the scaffold surface, indicating strong hemostatic efficiency.Anti-inflammatory studies indicated a dose-dependent effect, with the scaffold exhibiting significant protein denaturation inhibition at 50 µg. MTT and live/dead assays confirmed high biocompatibility, with over 90% cell viability across tested concentrations. Conclusion: The erbium-doped HA/bioglass-PVA scaffold demonstrated excellent biocompatibility, hemostatic potential, and anti-inflammatory properties. These findings suggest its suitability for periodontal bone regeneration. Further in vivo studies are required to validate its clinical applicability.