Serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), IL-6, IL-8, TNF-a, serum immune markers after allogeneic blood transfusion in patients with gastrointestinal bleeding

Background: To analyse the changes in serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), IL-6, IL-8, TNF-a, and serum immune markers in patients with gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) after allogeneic blood transfusion (ABT) during surgery. Methods: 80 patients with GIB requiring surgical treatment were enrolled. The experimental group (EG, n=40) received 2-4 U of red blood cells during surgery, while the control group (CG, n=40) did not. T cell subsets, natural killer cells (N KC), immunoglobulin, serum inflammatory factors, platelet count, oxidative stress indicators, and hemostasis time were measured before and 1 day after ABT. Results: In the EG, NKC, CD 3+, CD 4+, and CD 4+/CD8+ decreased, IgG decreased, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-a increased 1 day after ABT, while IgA, IgM, and platelet count remained unchanged. The EG showed a tremendous increase in SOD, a more significant decrease in MDA, and shorter hemostasis time and time for occult blood to become negative compared to the CG. Conclusions: ABT was effective in treating GIB but had an inhibitory effect on immune function. ABT did not affect platelet function but significantly changed oxidative stress indicators, inhibiting the peroxide response in GIB patients.