Health outcomes teams and the advancement of herbal medicine research in Nigeria: A COVID-19 case study

This review examines regulatory frameworks and translational pathways for herbal medicine validation in Nigeria through health outcomes teams. During the COVID-19 pandemic, multidisciplinary teams evaluated indigenous remedies under NAFDAC oversight, exemplified by the IHP Detox Tea case study. These teams comprising clinicians, pharmacologists, epidemiologists, and biostatisticians applied clinical trials and mechanistic studies to transform traditional treatments into evidence-based interventions. Their work aligns with WHO guidelines while respecting cultural context, establishing quality standards for herbal preparation, and identifying active compounds. This approach creates translational opportunities through treatment guideline incorporation and regional distribution via the African Medicines Agency. By providing accessible treatments in resource-limited settings, these efforts enhance health equity while ensuring public health protection, offering a model for addressing other endemic conditions in Nigeria and beyond.