Formulation and Antibacterial Test of Moringa oleifera Seed Extract Gel Preparations on Staphylococcus aureus Bacteria

Human skin can occur infection by viruses, bacteria, fungi, or parasites. One of the pathogenic bacteria that often infect the skin is Staphylococcus aureus. The incidence of bacterial infections on the skin continues to increase and pathogenic bacteria S. aureus easily experience antibiotic resistance. The development of herbal treatments from plants with antibacterial potential can be one of the alternative treatment options. One of the plants often used for alternative traditional medicine is moringa seeds (Moringa oleifera). Purpose: Knowing and analyzing the gel formulation of moringa seed extract (Moringa oleifera), which has optimal physical characteristics and antibacterial activity against S. aureus. Methods: The type of research conducted was true experimental with a post-test-only control group design. In this study, there was a treatment group that was given moringa seed extract gel with a concentration of 5%, 10%, 20%, 40%, and 80%, a positive control group of clindamycin gel, and a negative control group of sterile aquadest with S. aureus as test bacteria. The method of antibacterial testing uses the disc diffusion method. The results of the study were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis statistical test. Results: All formulations of gel preparations have optimal physical characteristics. The diameter of moringa seed extract gel inhibition zone against S. aureus bacteria at concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 20% have a weak antibacterial potential. In comparison, a concentration of 40% (5.05 mm) is categorized as medium potential, and a concentration of 80% (11.70 mm) is classified as having strong potential. The analysis results found significant differences between treatment groups with a significance value of p < 0.05. Conclusion: Formula 4 and 5 are optimal formulations of moringa seed extract gel preparations because they have optimal physical characteristics and antibacterial activity against S. aureus bacteria.