Design of a Novel Integrated Control System to Enhance Speed Planning and Control Efficiency for Subway Train

ABSTRACT The traditional distributed control system of trains faces challenges such as weak functional coordination, limited information sharing, significant control response delays, and low speed control accuracy, thereby impeding the efficient and energy‐saving operation of trains. This paper proposes a novel integrated control system architecture and approach for trains, facilitating rapid interaction and reuse of control information through the integration of data and computations from onboard signals, traction, braking, and network subsystems. Initially, a sophisticated software architecture for integrated control is developed. Subsequently, leveraging optimal control theory, the paper outlines a strategy for optimising the train's manipulation curve and employs the LQR control algorithm for speed tracking control. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed integrated control method is rigorously validated through experiments. The results demonstrate that the proposed approach effectively reduces the need for frequent train operation condition switching, resulting in a 16.1% energy‐saving rate in speed curve optimisation and maintaining a speed control error of less than 0.2 km/h, thus substantially enhancing energy efficiency and passenger comfort during train operations.