Caffeine Combined with Excitatory Neuromodulation Based on Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) Enhances Performance in a Time-Trial CrossFit® Workout: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Study
The responder analysis revealed that 45% of participants improved performance with isolated tDCS, while 60% responded positively to CAF. No significant differences were found in RPE scores among conditions (<i>p</i> = 0.145). Additionally, no correlations were identified between PR values adjusted for body mass and execution time in both RX Elite (r = 0.265; <i>p</i> = 0.526) and RX Intermediate (r = 0.049; <i>p</i> = 0.901) groups, nor between training experience and performance across interventions. These findings suggest that tDCS, when combined with CAF, may serve as an effective ergogenic aid for improving performance in high-intensity functional training, whereas its isolated use does not yield meaningful benefits.
Authors
- Alberto Souza Sá Filho (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9434-4231)
- Antônio S. N. Aguiar (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9410-9194)
- Rodolfo P. Vieira (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6379-1143)
- Iransé Oliveira‐Silva (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2692-1548)
- Pedro Augusto Inácio (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9354-1460)
- Gaspar R. Chiappa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0440-8404)
- James Oluwagbamigbe Fajemiroye (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7440-7581)
- Vicente Aprigliano (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7285-2742)
- Marcelo Magalhães Sales (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3814-6964)
- Raphael Martins Cunha (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3938-2734)
- Thiago Albernaz-Silva
Institutions
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso (CL)
- Universidade Evangelica de Goiás (BR)
- Universidad Autónoma de Chile (CL)
- Universidade Federal de Goiás (BR)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Nutrients
- Published
- 2025-04-03
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17071261
- Citations
- 1
- Primary Topic
- Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.84