Genetic Algorithm-Driven Cover Set Scheduling for Longevity in Wireless Sensor Networks

This paper aims to develop an efficient scheduling approach based on Genetic Algorithms to optimize energy consumption and maximize the operational lifetime of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Effective energy management is crucial for prolonging the operational lifespan of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) that include a substantial number of sensors. Simultaneously activating all sensors results in a fast depletion of energy, thus diminishing the overall lifespan of the network. To address this issue, it is necessary to schedule sensor activity in an effective manner. This task, known as the maximum coverage set scheduling (MCSS) problem, is highly complex and has been demonstrated to be NP-hard. This article presents a customized genetic algorithm designed to tackle the MCSS problem, aiming to improve the longevity of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Our methodology effectively detects and enhances combinations of coverage sets and their corresponding schedules. The program incorporates key criteria such as the detection ranges of individual sensors, their energy levels, and activity durations to optimize the overall energy efficiency and operational sustainability of the network. The performance of the suggested algorithm is assessed through simulations and compared to that of the Greedy algorithm and the Pattern search algorithm. The results indicate that our genetic algorithm not only maximizes network lifetime but also enhances the efficiency and efficacy of solving the MCSS problem. This represents a significant improvement in managing the energy consumption in WSNs.