Bridging Physical and Psychological Factors in Sepak Takraw: A Structural Equation Model

Introduction: Sepak Takraw, a traditional Southeast Asian sport, demands exceptional agility and coordination; prior studies have largely examined performance factors separately, leading to a limited understanding of performance determinants. Objective: This study examined the relationships between strength parameters and performance in Sepak Takraw, investigated the role of self-confidence, and developed an integrated model explaining the interplay between physical and psychological factors. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 77 male collegiate Sepak Takraw players (ages 18-25), assessing lower limb strength, core stability, upper body power, and self-efficacy, while performance data were collected through technical skill evaluations and competitive records. Results: The structural model demonstrated good fit (χ²(98)=162.47, p<.001, CFI=.94, TLI=.92, RMSEA=.057, SRMR=.054). Lower limb strength significantly impacted self-confidence (β=.37, p<.01) and performance (β=.29, p<.01); core stability greatly influenced technical execution (β=.41, p<.001) but not competitive outcomes (β=.12, p=.18). Self-confidence directly affected performance (β=.48, p<.001) and partially mediated the strength-performance relationship (indirect effect=.18, 95% CI [.09, .27], p<.01). Discussion: Lower limb strength emerged as particularly important, influencing performance both directly and indirectly through enhanced self-confidence. Approximately 38% of the total effect of lower limb strength on performance occurred through self-confidence. Conclusions: This study bridges the gap between physical and psychological determinants of Sepak Takraw performance. Coaches should implement programs addressing both physical development and confidence-building to optimize athletic performance in this unique sport.