Effect of Surfactants on Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Newborns Admitted in NICU of Secondary Care unit, Islamabad

Preterm neonates frequently suffer from respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) because of their underdeveloped lungs and inadequate surfactant production.In this study, surfactant therapy's efficacy and clinical outcomes are assessed in neonates suffering from RDS symptoms who have been admitted to the NICU at Polyclinic Hospital in Islamabad.A randomized survey was conducted regarding surfactant therapy on 20 neonates suffering from RDS with an average of 1.57 kg birth weight and an average of 34.8 weeks gestational age.Data collection was done by a structured questionnaire to study the effectiveness of therapy and the associated factors.For data analysis, Python 3.10.was used.The study found that surfactant therapy significantly improves respiratory outcomes in neonates with RDS, with a p-value of 0.012 and an F-value of 4.52.Despite high overall effectiveness, variability in outcomes and a non-linear distribution of complications signifies the need for tailored clinical approaches and continuous evaluation.Larger, multi-center studies should be the main focus of future research to confirm these results and investigate the underlying causes of gender-specific therapy responses.