The impact of the full-scale war in Ukraine on diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to acute calculous cholecystitis

During the war, chronic and acute stress are added to the main etiological factors of acute cholecystitis. Aim - to study the impact of the full-scale war in Ukraine on diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to the treatment of patients with acute calculous cholecystitis. Materials and methods. 54 patients with acute calculous cholecystitis were treated. An algorithm of therapeutic and diagnostic approaches to acute calculous cholecystitis in the conditions of a full-scale war in Ukraine and negative psycho-emotional impact was developed. Results. The «well-being» indicator in patients ranged within the low level of psycho-emotional state (25.12-28.18 points). The «activity» and «mood» indicators indicated an average level of psycho-emotional state and ranged from 31.41 to 39.21 points. The period from the onset of an attack of acute calculous cholecystitis to hospitalization of more than 24 hours was observed in 83.3% of cases. Diagnosis of acute calculous cholecystitis during martial law, preparation for surgical intervention required from 6 to 12 hours in 85.2% of patients. A destructive form of inflammation of the gallbladder was observed, which is characteristic of acute calculous cholecystitis. Clinical signs of anemia and the presence of an inflammatory process in the body were diagnosed in patients with acute calculous cholecystitis during wartime. There were no complications in patients with acute calculous cholecystitis who underwent surgery during martial law. Conclusions. Patients with acute calculous cholecystitis in conditions of full-scale war in Ukraine had a low level of psychoemotional and psychosomatic health. Acute calculous cholecystitis in wartime has important pathogenetic differences and characteristic complications. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard for acute calculous cholecystitis. The study was performed in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was approved by the local ethics committee of the institutions mentioned in the work. Informed consent of the patients was obtained for participation in the study. The authors declare the absence of a conflict of interest.