Continuity of pedagogical approaches of St. Philaret (Drozdov) and Hieromartyr Thaddeus (Uspensky) in performing the system of spiritual education in Russia: on the formulation of the problem

The article is devoted to identifying the ideological continuity in the work of Saint Philaret (Drozdov) (first half of the 19th century) and Hieromartyr Thaddeus (Uspensky) (early 20th century) in reforming the system of spiritual education in Russia. The relevance of the topic is due to the need to study the experience of previous generations in the field of spiritual and moral education and training for the purpose of using it in the modern education system. The authors studied Charters of the Theological Academies of 1814, 1868, the publication “Filaret, Metropolitan of Moscow and Kolomna. Collection of Opinions and Reviews” in five volumes, containing the memoirs of contemporaries who witnessed the reform of the system of spiritual education in the mid-19th century, as well as the work of Hieromartyr Thaddeus (Uspensky) “Notes on Didactics”. The authors use theoretical-analytical, ideographic, comparative methods of scientific research. The study revealed the unity of the ideological and methodological approaches of the two archpastors in building a unified system of spiritual education in Russia. The commonality of the approach to transforming the educational model is noted in two areas: a) training of teaching staff and b) developing a common understanding of the purpose and objectives of spiritual education at all levels: from primary (church parish schools) to higher (theological academies). This made it possible to build a holistic vertical of spiritual education by the end of the 19 th century. Out by both hierarchs attempted to solve one of the pressing problems of the spiritual education system - the integration of secular sciences and theology.