The Effectiveness of Management Structure in the Integrated Special Education Program at Chinese National-Type Schools in Malaysia

This study explores the effectiveness of management structures in the Integrated Special Education Program (ISEP) (known locally as “Program Pendidikan Khas Integrasi” or PPKI) at Chinese National-Type Schools (CNTC) in Malaysia. Using a qualitative approach involving 16 participants across eight schools, the research examines the organizational framework, implementation challenges, and success factors in managing special education programs within a bilingual environment. Data collected through in-depth interviews, systematic observations, and document analysis reveals that effective management structures are characterized by systematic assessment procedures, strategic task distribution, and strong stakeholder support systems. The findings highlight the importance of bilingual competency, professional development, and community engagement in ensuring program success. This study contributes to the understanding of special education management in bilingual settings and provides practical recommendations for program enhancement.