The Paradox of Progress: Modernization, Shifting Values, and the Persistence of Authoritarianism in China

ABSTRACT Objective This study examines the evolving relationship between modernization, shifting value orientations, and political attitudes in China, with a focus on generational differences. Methods The study employed data from the Asia Barometer Survey (2011–2019) and used Prof. Hu Fu's pro‐democratic value framework to analyze democratic values. Results The findings reveal that although younger generations demonstrate increased support for certain liberal democratic values, their overall orientation remains more consistent with the modern authoritarian values endorsed by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). The study further shows that the CCP's control over public discourse and selective promotion of specific values significantly shapes political attitudes across generations. Conclusion Despite notable economic development and generational shifts, the CCP continues to dominate the narrative on value change in China. This persistent control has not only stabilized the current political system but also limited the country's potential transition toward a liberal democratic regime.