Molecular, Phylogenetic, and Chemistry Characterization and In Vitro Evaluation of the Antioxidant and Cytotoxicity Potential of Cyclocybe cylindracea Strain TMES42 (Agaricomycetes) from Algeria

The current study is a first report on the phylogenetic and the medicinal properties of an Algerian mushroom Cyclocybe cylindracea strain TMES42. Different extracts were obtained from sequential liquid-liquid extraction using three solvents of increasing polarity (chloroform, ethyl acetate and butanol). Antioxidant potential was evaluated using different methods (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and phenanthroline assays). The phenolic composition of acetate-ethyl-extract (AcEt-Ext) was characterized under LC-ESI-MS-MS analysis, and the antiproliferative effect was determined against the breast-maligned cell line MCF-7. Results demonstrated that the studied mushroom has a promising cytotoxic activity. Its AcEt-Ext fraction showed significant antioxidant activities as well as high phenolic acid and total phenolic content compared with other fractions. This fraction induced breast malignant cell cytotoxicity, exhibiting an IC50 value of 59.84 ± 4.06 μg/ml, and demonstrated a significant selectivity index; these findings suggest that C. cylindracea could be regarded as a promising natural therapeutic agent.