PRODUCCIÓN DE HONGO OSTRA (Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) P. Kumm) SOBRE RESIDUOS LIGNOCELULÓSICOS EN LA PROVINCIA DE PUNO

The study was carried out in the Yanamayo population center in Puno, Peru. The objectives of the study were: To determine the yield of oyster mushroom cultivation in substrates based on lignocellulosic residues; to evaluate the biological efficiency of the mushroom cultivation; to evaluate the productivity rate of the mushroom cultivation; to record the stages of mushroom production, to estimate production costs and to perform an economic analysis of the oyster mushroom production. The work was carried out using artisanal production technology under controlled conditions in a geodesic dome-type environment with an area of ​​25 m2. The experiment was conducted under a completely randomized design with 3 treatments and 7 repetitions. The oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) P. Kumm was used. The treatments were 3 lignocellulosic residues (oat straw substrate, totora hay and quinoa chaff), which have been subjected to a process of dehydration, chopping, sterilization, inoculation, fruiting and harvesting. The results were: oat straw and reed hay substrate had a better response in yield with 24.11 and 22.25%. The oat straw and reed hay substrate had a better response in biological efficiency with 86.8 and 79.6%. The reed hay substrate presented the highest productivity rate with 1.34%/day. 8 stages of oyster mushroom production were recorded, with a total duration of between 102 - 132 days. The most profitable treatment corresponds to the reed hay-based substrate with a C/B ratio of 1.7.