Investigation of Structural, Optical, Electrical, and Biological Properties of a Porous Platinum Electrode for Neurostimulation Devices

The structural and optical properties, as well as the electrical and biological characteristics of a porous platinum (Pt) structure for neurostimulation applications, are investigated. Critical factors such as biocompatibility, electrical performance, and structural and optical differences, which can adversely affect the functionality of implantable devices, are systematically analyzed and compared with general electrodes. By employing an integration of three-dimensional simulations and implantation experiments, we demonstrate that the remarkably extensive surface area, low reflectance, and outstanding peak current values inherent in porous Pt facilitate effective stimulation while simultaneously ensuring a high degree of biological safety. Our findings suggest that these beneficial characteristics collectively position porous Pt as a notably promising candidate for implantable electrodes in biomedical devices.