‘On Water’ Synthesis of Indolyl-Substituted Benzo[b]carbazoles via LiCl-Promoted HBF4-Catalyzed Annulation of ortho-Formylaryl Ketones with Indoles
Abstract A LiCl-promoted, HBF₄-catalyzed intermolecular cascade cyclization of indoles and ortho-formylaryl ketones has been developed, utilizing saturated aqueous LiCl solutions as the solvent for the rapid synthesis of indolyl benzo[b]carbazoles. This ‘on water’ synthetic approach exhibits excellent functional group tolerance, a broad substrate scope, and scalability, making it suitable for practical applications. Additionally, the fluorescence emission properties of the synthesized indolyl benzo[b]carbazole compounds were systematically investigated.
Authors
- Xinxin Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5624-5689)
- Lixin Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0423-0818)
- Hui Jin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7154-5628)
- Jun Yang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2785-6971)
- Tianxing Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2489-4884)
- Chen Zhu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1150-1976)
Institutions
- Shenyang University of Chemical Technology (CN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Synthesis
- Published
- 2025-04-04
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2575-9886
- Primary Topic
- Synthesis of Indole Derivatives
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province