Optimization of Dye Removal of Cibacron Red Textile Dye From Wastewaters Using Kombucha Scoby With the Taguchi Method

This study investigates the removal of the azo type is red Cibacron Red textile dye from wastewater using Kombucha Scoby (KS), a form of microbial cellulose obtained through fermentation, within the field of green chemistry. The dye removal process was optimized using the Taguchi method, focusing on the effects of variables such as pH (2, 6, 10), KS size (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 g), and mixing time (30 min, 2 h, 3.5 h). The dye concentration was kept constant at 0.1 g/L, and all experiments were conducted with three repetitions and two parallel trials. The most effective dye removal, as determined through the Taguchi method experiments, was achieved at pH 6, with a mixing time of 2 h and 1 g of KS. This study demonstrates the adsorption capacity of KS and its potential for producing new textile products with this biodegradable nanomaterial, thereby yielding environmentally friendly, sustainable, and carbon‐negative materials. The effects of pH, KS size, and mixing time on the removal of Cibacron Red dye were examined. It was observed that the pH variable had the greatest impact on color removal. The morphological characterization of the most efficient experimental setups was performed using SEM and FTIR analyses. SEM analysis detected dye particles of approximately 5 μm in size within the porous structure of KS. Furthermore, the peak at 3340 cm −1 in the FTIR analysis is one of the most significant indicators of biosorption, suggesting that KS successfully carried out the adsorption process. The results obtained from the experimental study are promising. Microbial cellulose and bacterial cellulose types, such as KS, which are easily produced and used in industry, can also be reused and recycled, and possess a high adsorption capacity for wastewater and textile industry wastes. This will help reduce environmental pollution and enable the production of more biocompatible and recyclable products.