Intravenous use of immunoglobulins for the treatment of diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system

Annotation. Intravenous administration of immunoglobulins is a promising method of immunotherapy used to treat a number of diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system. In particular, a positive therapeutic effect has been noted in relation to such pathologies as: Guillain-Barré syndrome, chronic demyelinating polyneuropathy, multifocal motor neuropathy, myasthenia gravis, and dermatomyositis. Immunoglobulins also serve as an alternative to plasmaphoresis and standard immunosuppression in decompensation of autoimmune diseases. The aim of this work was to investigate the evolution of the use and effectiveness of intravenous immunoglobulin for the treatment of neurological diseases from the time of the first attempts at its use to the present day. A retrospective analysis of clinical trials and a systematic review of the scientific literature were conducted, and 49 articles in the scientific databases PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, Elsevier, National Library of Medicine, Cochrane Database, Biosis Previews were analyzed. Immunotherapy involves the introduction of immunoglobulins obtained from the blood of healthy people into the patient's body. Intravenous use of immunoglobulins has shown its high effectiveness due to several mechanisms of action, including: neutralization of autoantibodies, reduction of immune cell activity and modulation of the immune response. Overall, the study emphasizes the importance of using immunoglobulins as an effective and promising method of treating autoimmune diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system.