Single-Satellite Location of Ground Electromagnetic Interferer Exploiting Doppler Signatures

We consider the single-satellite, single-pass localization of ground electromagnetic interference (EMI) sources to protect the quality of service in satellite communications. For a stationary EMI source, the analysis of the time-varying Doppler signature caused by satellite motion provides valuable information for its localization. Due to the high-speed motion of the satellite, the instantaneous Doppler frequency exhibits a high dynamic range and significant nonlinearity. To address this, we previously developed a knowledge-aided signal stationarization approach using the concept of virtual ground references (VGR), thereby enabling a reduced sampling rate, extended coherent processing time, and improved EMI detectability and accuracy. In this paper, we propose several extended approaches, including simplified multi-VGR data fusion as well as iterative and sequential EMI localization methods, to further enhance EMI localization performance while reducing processing complexity.