Highly sensitive D-shaped SPR fiber-optic biosensor for glucose diagnosis in urine

The study proposes a D-shaped Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) fiber-optic biosensor for detecting glucose levels in urine. The sensor, designed using gold (Au) and platinum disulphide (PtS₂) as sensing layers, is analyzed through Finite Element Method (FEM) simulations. The Refractive Index (RI) and corresponding glucose concentrations in urine were documented, showing a direct correlation between increasing glucose levels and RI. The biosensor can identify glucose levels between 0 to 15 mg/dL as normal and up to 10 g/dL as highly elevated. The highest wavelength sensitivity (WS) is 10,000 nm/RIU when the refractive index changes from 1.335 to 1.336. This sensor may be essential for detecting and tracking conditions such as renal glycosuria and complications related to diabetes.