Clinical aspects of the application of endoscopic laser cyclodestruction

BACKGROUND: Glaucoma remains one of the leading causes of irreversible vision loss worldwide, due to the steadily increasing incidence with age. In recent years, minimally invasive glaucoma surgery combined with cataract extraction has gained significant popularity as an alternative to traditional filtering surgeries. Among the methods of hypotensive action included in the minimally invasive glaucoma surgery concept, endoscopic laser cyclodestruction plays a special role, allowing for effective reduction of aqueous humor production. AIM: The aim of this study is to determine the optimal conditions for achieving maximum efficiency and safety of endoscopic laser cyclodestruction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study analyzed the results of 110 combined procedures (phacoemulsification and endoscopic laser cyclodestruction) performed in our clinic. The study included 110 patients (56 men and 54 women) aged from 56 to 89 years (mean age 73.7 years) diagnosed with stage I–IV glaucoma and initial complicated cataract. All patients underwent anterior endoscopic laser cyclodestruction using the E2 videoendoscopic laser ophthalmic device (Endo Optiks Inc., USA) after phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation. Dynamic follow-up included visual acuity testing, perimetry, tonometry, instillation regimen assessment, anterior segment OCT, and registration of complications over 60 months. RESULTS: The data analysis showed no hemorrhagic complications and significant inflammatory reactions in the vast majority of patients. The average dynamics of intraocular pressure reduction over 60 months was 24.6%, indicating the high efficacy of endoscopic laser cyclodestruction in intraocular pressure lowering and in stabilizing the condition in glaucoma patients. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic laser cyclodestruction demonstrates high efficacy and safety, with virtually no contraindications, except in cases of technical difficulties. The optimal efficiency of the procedure is achieved by destructing the ciliary body processes over 180–200°, significantly reducing intraocular pressure and decreasing dependence on hypotensive therapy.