[Analysis of burden in children under 10 years old of dietary iron deficiency among some countries in the world from 1990 to 2019].

Based on the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019, this study characterized the burden of dietary iron deficiency across 154 countries participating in the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). A joinpoint regression model was employed to assess temporal trends in disease burden. Pearson correlation analysis and locally weighted regression were utilized to investigate the relationship between burden and the socio-demographic index (SDI). Slope indices and concentration indices were calculated to evaluate health inequalities, while frontier analysis explored disease burden benchmarks. Key metrics included prevalence and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). Results revealed downward trends in age-standardized prevalence rates and age-standardized DALYs rates of dietary iron deficiency among children under 10 years old in 117 and 125 BRI countries, respectively, from 1990 to 2019. A significant negative correlation was observed between disease burden and SDI in 2019 (<i>R</i>=-0.80, <i>P</i><0.001). The slope indices decreased from -936 (95%<i>CI</i>:-1 006, -806) in 1990 to -1 128 (95%<i>CI</i>:-1 256, -999) in 2019, while the concentration indices declined from -0.24 (95%<i>CI</i>:-0.28, -0.20) to -0.35 (95%<i>CI</i>:-0.39, -0.30) during the same period. Frontier analysis further identified substantial gaps between observed outcomes and optimal performance thresholds in several countries.