Preparation and characterization of thermosensitive phase-transition hydrogel based on decanoic acid-modified chitosan and methyl cellulose for wound healing

Hydrogels with good biocompatibility, suitable physicochemical properties, and effective wound healing promotion are currently recognized as ideal candidates for wound dressings. This study introduced an innovative thermosensitive phase-transition hydrogel (CSDA-MC-HG) for skin wound repair, prepared using decanoic acid-modified chitosan (CSDA) and methyl cellulose (MC). The enhanced hydrophobic interaction with increasing temperature was the primary mechanism behind the thermosensitive phase-transition property of CSDA-MC-HG. Rheological measurement confirmed that CSDA-MC-HG possessed adequate spreadability and adaptability, allowing it to conform well to irregular shaped wounds and be easily applied and replaced. The other characterization findings indicated that CSDA-MC-HG possessed ideal interconnected porous structure, along with superior swelling capacity, water retention ability, and water vapor permeability necessary for an optimal wound dressing. Biocompatibility experiments indicated that CSDA-MC-HG exhibited satisfactory blood compatibility and cell compatibility, supporting the proliferation and migration of L929 cells. Furthermore, the hydrogel's potential as a wound dressing was tested on SD rats with full-thickness skin wounds. The results indicated that CSDA-MC-HG effectively promoted wound healing by enhancing fibroblast proliferation, accelerating the formation of new blood vessels and skin appendages, and facilitating collagen deposition. The findings presented suggested that CSDA-MC-HG held significant potential for application as a wound healing dressing.