Antifungal potential of plant-based extracts against Candida species: values, safety concerns, and possible applications

Abstract Fungal infections have emerged as a significant global health concern, with Candida species, opportunistic yeasts living symbiotically in various parts of the human body, playing a major role in pathogenic invasions. The overuse and inappropriate application of conventional antifungal drugs have contributed to frequent treatment failures and the alarming rise of drug-resistant strains, prompting a growing interest in exploring naturally derived alternatives. Plants, known for their therapeutic properties throughout history, are currently being investigated as potential agents for combating fungal diseases, including Candidiasis infections. This review compiled and examined findings from both in vitro and in vivo studies conducted over the past decade, evaluating the antifungal effectiveness of plant-derived extracts against various Candida species. The results were summarized in detailed tables and discussed comprehensively. Additionally, this review addressed the safety considerations and assessment of these herbal remedies and highlighted the necessity for further extensive research in this promising and expanding area.