Comparisons of Existing Quantum-Dot-Cellular Automata (QCA) Structures with Previous Models

Quantum dot cellular automata, however, have been the most efficient nanotechnology devices over the last 30 years. It has fast speed, low energy dissipation, and high device density and high process efficiency compared with the complementary metal oxide semiconductors technology. To further optimize, additional strategies such as the tile method, clocking scheme, cell positioning, cell layout, etc. as well as simplification of Boolean expressions are used. These techniques increase the QCA Cells, total circuit size, output latency, power consumption, and coplanar or multilayer layout performance characteristics. One of the things slated to be a viable substitute for CMOS technology in the near future is quantum dot cellular automata, or QCA. The key characteristics that have caught the attention of many researchers are this technique’s small size, quick speed and low energy consumption as compared to CMOS. QCA circuits, in general, are constructed around majority gates and their inverter, and by means of the QCA binary wire, most logical circuits can be designed. Since there aren’t many review articles available, and this study will thus be a resource for many academics interested in the QCA area, how it works and why it’s suddenly on everyone’s radar, this study will be important doing. Coming rapidly, Quantum Dot Cellular Automata (QCA) is a nascent nanotechnology which holds the promise of quantum leaps in digital circuit design. QCA is based on the quantum mechanical principals of electron configuration and serves as the technology to replace classical transistors, providing ultra-high speeds with low power usage. In this paper, we present a thorough investigation of QCA based digital circuit design, addressing the basic principles of QCA based digital circuit design, the benefits, the challenges, and some possible applications.