Incidence Of Hypothyroidism in A Territory Level Hospital in Greater Noida

Background: Hypothyroidism is a common endocrine disorder in pediatric populations that can significantly impact growth, development, and cognitive function. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence and clinical characteristics of hypothyroidism among patients under 18 years of age attending a territory-level hospital in Greater Noida. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional observational study was conducted over six months, including 142 pediatric patients diagnosed with hypothyroidism based on clinical presentation and laboratory findings (TSH and free T4 levels). Data were collected on demographic characteristics, clinical symptoms, comorbidities, and treatment status. Statistical analysis was performed to describe the incidence and distribution of hypothyroidism in relation to age, gender, TSH levels, and associated comorbidities. Results: The study population consisted of 64 males (45.1%) and 78 females (54.9%), with the majority of cases in the 6-12 years age group (42.3%). Fatigue (52.8%), weight gain (42.3%), and growth retardation (31.7%) were the most commonly reported symptoms. A notable association was found between higher TSH levels (>20 µIU/mL) and more severe clinical manifestations, including fatigue (81.1%) and learning difficulties (54.1%). Obesity (24.6%) and anemia (21.1%) were the most prevalent comorbidities. Of the study participants, 64.8% were on treatment with levothyroxine, and 35.2% were newly diagnosed during the study period. The incidence of hypothyroidism increased progressively over the study duration. Conclusion: This study demonstrates a significant incidence of hypothyroidism among pediatric patients in a territory-level hospital in Greater Noida, with a higher prevalence in females and children aged 6-12 years. The findings emphasize the importance of early screening, diagnosis, and management of hypothyroidism in pediatric populations to prevent associated complications. Further research is needed to understand the underlying causes and develop strategies for effective management and prevention.