Study Of Ophthalmic B-Scan Ultrasonography

Background: B scan ultrasonography plays an important role in management of patients with ocular trauma for the detection of hidden posterior segment lesions. Objectives: Present study was carried out to describe the indications for ophthalmic B-scan. And to describe various posterior segment lesions from B-scan. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional (observational) study conducted among 70 patients. All patients were undergone complete ophthalmic evaluation along with detailed Ocular and medical history followed by examination and measurements as described above. Various measurement was done, including USG B-scan. The B-Scan device used US Scan3300 (NIDEK). The coupling substance used was hydroxypropyl methylcellulose. Comprehensive transverse, longitudinal, oblique, and axial scans were performed on the optic globe. The range of 80 dB to 40 dB was used in the study to discriminate between different tissue densities. Both live and still images were analysed in real-time and later on after they had been frozen. The images of the B-scan were analysed. Results: The mean age of study participants was 49.29 years. 17.1% of the patients had history of sudden dimness of vision while 15.7% had dimness of vision with pain. History of Penetrating trauma was reported in 11.4% of the patients. Among 7.1% of the patient traumatic cataract was suspected. Provisionally vitreous hemorrhage, microphthalmos, retinoblastoma, total hyphema was diagnosed among 4.3% each of the study participants. 35.7% of the of the study participants had normal posterior segment on B-scan. Out of total 35 patients who were diagnosed as a cataract, through B-scan among 5% were diagnosed additionally with retinal detachment. B-scan confirm clinical diagnosis among 22.9% of the patients who are provisionally diagnosed with other conditions. Conclusion: B scan ultrasonography may reveal undiscovered posterior segment lesions in trauma patients. B scan helped in accurate diagnosis in patients with opaque media leading to proper treatment. 5.0% of B-scan cataract patients also had retinal detachment, whereas 85.7% had a normal posterior area. Only one-quarter of patients with other preliminary diagnoses had their diagnoses confirmed by b-scan, whereas three-quarters had the same diagnosis on both tests.