THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MIGRANTS AND THEIR COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN IN THE EURO-MEDITERRANEAN SPACE

The topic of migration has gained significant importance in recent decades within various academic meetings and studies. It has become a central focus in both domestic and foreign policies of many countries, especially in geographical contexts such as the relationship between the North and South of the Mediterranean. The global transformations that took place in the decades following World War II (1939– 1945) led to a massive surge in international migration, characterized by a one-way movement from poor countries to industrialized and more developed nations. Various economic literatures emphasize the role of geographical disparities in income distribution among individuals as a key factor driving external migration . Moreover, the continuous and growing gap between population growth rates and economic growth rates—which directly influence the creation of job opportunities—has contributed to rising unemployment rates in all their forms: cyclical, structural, and technical. This, in turn, signals the worsening of future cyclical economic crises, further increasing the volume of migratory flows from poor countries to wealthy nations