GrasOpen: Biometric Authentication via Reach-and-Grasp for Smart Door Access Using Smartwatch

In the domain of smart devices, biometric identity authentication has become a leading and crucial technology, mainly because of its improved security and user convenience. Traditional methods frequently depend on complex activities, facial recognition, or passwords, which can be cumbersome and error-prone. This paper presents GrasOpen, an innovative biometric authentication system tailored for door-opening scenarios, utilizing the natural reach-and-grasp motion linked to door handles. The system employs smartwatches with accelerometers and gyroscopes to track and analyze arm movements, ensuring a seamless and intuitive user experience. GrasOpen tackles key challenges by leveraging the unique characteristics of the reach-and-grasp motion, eliminating the necessity for users to remember complex motions, and avoiding redundant actions like waiting for facial recognition. Specifically, GrasOpen initially proposes a lightweight model to discern door-opening actions from daily activities. Then, to realize the robust authentication system, GrasOpen integrates a complementary filter (CF) method to capture diversity-dependent features in door-opening actions. These features are subsequently processed through a modified ConvBoost model for precise user authentication. Experimental results reveal an impressive accuracy of 98.78% for activity recognition and 98.65% for identity authentication, highlighting GrasOpen’s excellence in function and performance. The system’s security and robustness are validated across diverse authentication environments.