DESI constraints on <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>α</mml:mi></mml:math>-attractor inflationary models

The recent results on the baryon acoustic oscillations measurements from the DESI collaboration have shown tantalizing hints for a time-evolving dark energy equation of state parameter $w(z)$, with a statistically significant deviation from the cosmological constant and cold dark matter ($\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}\mathrm{CDM}$) model. One of the simplest and theoretically well-motivated plausible candidates to explain the observed behavior of $w(z)$, is scalar-field quintessence. Here, we consider a class of models known as $\ensuremath{\alpha}$-attractor, which describe in a single framework both inflation and the late-time acceleration of the Universe. Using the recent DESI data, in conjunction with other cosmological observations, we place stringent constraints on $\ensuremath{\alpha}$-attractor models and compare them to the $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}\mathrm{CDM}$ model. We find the $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ parameter of the theory, which is physically motivated from supergravity and supersymmetry theories to have the values $3\ensuremath{\alpha}\ensuremath{\in}{1,2,3,4,5,6,7}$, is constrained to be $\ensuremath{\alpha}\ensuremath{\simeq}1.8{9}_{\ensuremath{-}0.35}^{+0.40}$. In addition, we find that the rest of the cosmological parameters of the model agree with the corresponding values of $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}\mathrm{CDM}$, while a Bayesian analysis finds strong support in favor of the $\ensuremath{\alpha}$-attractor model. We also highlight an interesting connection between the $\ensuremath{\alpha}$-attractor models and the stochastic gravitational wave background, where a contribution to the latter could derive from an enhancement of inflationary gravitational waves at high frequencies due to an early kination phase, thus providing an interesting alternative way to constrain the theory.