Survey of Blockchain‐Based Industrial Metaverse in SMMEs

ABSTRACT The convergence of blockchain technology and the industrial metaverse is poised to revolutionize digital transformation in small‐ and medium‐sized manufacturing enterprises (SMMEs), addressing their unique challenges and unlocking new opportunities for innovation and competitiveness. This survey explores the fundamental concepts, state‐of‐the‐art advancements, and practical applications of blockchain and industrial metaverse technologies, focusing on their synergistic potential to reshape supply chain management, enhance production efficiency, and drive intelligent manufacturing. Key blockchain features such as decentralization, distributed ledgers, and smart contracts are analyzed alongside metaverse technologies like digital twins, virtual reality, and augmented reality, showcasing their transformative impact on data security, product traceability, and operational efficiency. Case studies and industry insights highlight the practical integration of these technologies in SMMEs, demonstrating their ability to overcome resource constraints and align with strategic goals. The survey also addresses the major challenges—technological, financial, and infrastructural—faced by SMMEs in digital transformation, providing actionable strategies and policy recommendations. By examining the interplay between blockchain and the industrial metaverse, this paper underscores the emerging trends and future trajectories of these technologies, offering a comprehensive roadmap for leveraging their potential to achieve sustainable growth and innovation in the manufacturing sector.