The effect of combined use of carbamide and Pseudomonas protegens DA1.2 bacteria on nitrogen status, chlorophyll levels, and wheat plant growth

The use of combinations of nitrogen fertilizers and bacteria that stimulate plant growth may be a promising way to increase crop yields, but more research is needed to confirm this effect. Despite the possible advantages, this method has not been widely used due to the risk of suppressing bacterial activity with excessive fertilization. The aim of the study was to determine how the combined use of Pseudomonas protegens DA1.2 bacteria and urea affects the growth, nitrogen content and chlorophyll levels in wheat plants. There was a positive effect of fertilizers, manifested in an increase in the mass and length of shoots, as well as an increase in the content of chlorophyll, which indicates the beneficial effects of treatments. Studies have shown that the most effective treatment of wheat plants was with an 8% urea solution in combination with bacteria, which led to a twofold increase in nitrogen status, an increase in chlorophyll levels by more than 38%, an increase in shoot length by 10% and weight by 23% compared with the control. The use of carbamide in combination with bacteria resulted in a decrease in root weight by 47.8% and 34.8% compared to the control in the variants 8% carbamide + DA1.2 and 2% carbamide + DA1.2, respectively.