Porous Sodium Carboxymethyl Starch Microspheres for Hemostasis and Skin Wound Healing

An effective and rapid hemostatic material with flexible properties for clinical wound dressings is still an unmet need. Herein, a porous sodium carboxymethyl starch (CMS-Na-P) hemostatic microsphere was successfully fabricated through polysaccharide fluffy aggregate (PSFA) technology with a facile and low-cost process. CMS-Na-P exhibited rapid water absorption capabilities alongside favorable cytocompatibility and hemocompatibility. Additionally, CMS-Na-P could absorb red blood cells (RBCs), adhere to and activate platelets, and shorten clotting time <i>in vitro</i>. More importantly, its good <i>in vivo</i> hemostatic ability was further demonstrated against hemorrhage in rat liver and tail, pig superficial skin, superficial body vein, superficial abdominal vein, and femoral artery. Meanwhile, in a rat full-thickness skin defect model, CMS-Na-P could enhance wound healing through accelerated epidermal regeneration and collagen deposition. These properties make CMS-Na-P a promising candidate for treating bleeding and full-thickness wounds.