Liver Transplantation in a Patient with Fulminant Hepatic Failure Associated with Leptospirosis

Leptospirosis is a zoonosis that can progress to severe forms, such as Weil’s syndrome, characterized by jaundice and liver failure. This report describes the case of a 13-year-old female patient who initially presented with epigastric pain, myalgia, fever, and jaundice, later progressing to fulminant hepatitis. Serology confirmed leptospirosis with positive IgM, and the patient underwent an emergency liver transplant due to severe hepatic failure, with complications including ascites, coagulopathy, and the need for dialysis. The liver explant revealed submassive necrosis and advanced fibrosis. The favorable postoperative outcome highlights the importance of early disease recognition and a multidisciplinary approach in critical cases. This report significantly contributes to the limited literature on liver transplantation associated with leptospirosis.