An overview of the landscape and architecture fortifications of Porto Palermo Bay

In Albania, a significant number of military zones were established, one of which is Porto Palermo. This study examines the strategic significance of Porto Palermo, located in the municipality of Himara, in one of the bays along the Ionian Sea coast. This area holds a notable assemblage of military structures from different historical periods, such as the military submarine base built during the Cold War and the bunkers (concrete "mushrooms") constructed during the socialist regime. These cold-war-era structures coexist with XIX century architectural heritage, such as the Castle of Ali Pasha of Tepelena, and the area's distinct natural landscape. The analysis will begin with the cultural heritage protection zone, which includes the current boundaries of Porto Palermo Castle, analysed in the context of the historical processes that influenced the area. During the study of this area and its history, a key question emerged: could the entire Porto Palermo Bay be included in a cultural heritage protection zone? To present a current overview in reference to Albanian law, a list has been created to examine and identify all elements that support this proposal, as well as those that pose challenges or difficulties in its realization. Finally, the study lays out a summary of the current situation and provides some suggestions for the future cultural, tourist, and economic development of this historic Albanian fortification area.