Effect of Combination of Kasturi Fruit Juice (Mangifera casturi), Vitamin E and Dha on Interleukin-6 (IL-6) Gene mRNA Expression and IL-6 Levels in Lung Inflammation of Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Due to Coal Dust Exposure

The respiratory tract can experience inflammation if exposed to coal pollutants. The purpose of this study was to analyze IL-6 gene mRNA expression and IL-6 levels in serum formed in experimental animals given a combination of ripe Kasturi fruit pulp juice (dose 7.8 mg/kg body weight/day dissolved in 2 ml H2O), vitamin E (dose 22 mg/kg body weight/day) and DHA (dose 60 g/kg body weight/day) exposed to coal dust at 10 pm (N10S CellMicroSievesTM BioDesign Inc. of New York, USA) given 25 mg/day/m3 in 1 hour per day for 14 days. The experimental animals were grouped into 5 groups, group 1 was the control group (no coal dust exposure and no supplements), group 2 was the coal dust exposure group, group 3 was the combination of ripe kasturi fruit juice and vitamin E with coal dust exposure, group 4 was the DHA group with coal dust exposure and group 5 was the combination of ripe kasturi fruit juice, vitamin E and DHA with coal dust exposure. Coal dust exposure was carried out for 14 days. Using the post only control design method, IL-6 gene mRNA expression and serum IL-6 levels as pro-inflammatory parameters were examined. Statistical tests of homogeneity, normality and one-way anova SPSS 25.0 were performed with = 0.05. The results showed that IL-6 gene mRNA expression and IL-6 levels in serum were established in all groups. The average IL-6 gene mRNA expression obtained by group 1 was 6.486 ± 0.272, group 2 was 10.868 ± 0.258, group 3 was 8.420 ± 0.199, group 4 was 9.096 ± 0.103 and group 5 was 7.655 ± 0.121. The average serum IL-6 level obtained by group 1 was 52.21 ± 3.02 pg/ml, group 2 was 104.93 ± 2.98 pg/ml, group 3 was 80.70 ± 2.81 pg/ml, group 4 was 90.85 ± 2.36 pg/ml and group 5 was 65.81 ± 2.54 pg/ml. Statistical tests on all groups showed homogeneity and normality (p>0.05) and one-way anova and Bonferroni post hoc found p=0.000. The conclusion of this study is that IL6 gene mRNA expression and IL-6 levels have been established. In the group given a combination of ripe Kasturi fruit juice, vitamin E, and DHA with coal dust exposure for 14 years, IL-6 gene mRNA expression and IL-6 levels in serum were found to be the lowest compared to the group exposed to coal dust and the difference was statistically significant at p=0.000.