Association of Seizure in Functional Outcome of Spontaneous Intracerebral Haemorrhage

Background: Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) is a severe and life-threatening condition, characterized by bigh mortality and morbidity rates. Seizures often complicate the acute phase of sICH, and understanding the impact of seizures on outcomes is limited. Appropriate addressing seizures in sICH improve functional outcomes. Objectives of the study: To see association of seizure in functional outcome of spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage. Materials and Methods: A prospective longitudinal study was conducted at the Stroke Clinic, Stroke Centre, Indoor, EEG Lab of the Department of Neurology and Indoor, Emergency of the Department of Neurosurgery at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka. The study included 66 patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) aged 18 years or older who were consecutively recruited during the study period. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 21, with statistical tests including chi-square and t-tests as appropriate. Result: The study result reveals that slCH with seizure associated with poor outcome. Disorientation (15.6% vs. 93.8%, p<0.001), hyponatremia (15.6% vs. 37.5%, p <0.048), pneumonia (25.0% vs. 6.3%, p=0.039) were more common in patients of sICH with seizure than witout seizure and has impact on functional outcome. According to a multivariate logistic regression analysis, seizures, disorientation, hypertension, high NIHSS score, hyponatremia, and intraventricular extension were significant predictors of poor outcome in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage with seizure. Conclusion: Patients of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage with seizures exhibited more severe neurological impairments and poorer outcomes compared to those without seizures.