Synthesis of Novel Schiff Bases with Piperidine Rings and Investigation of Their Antioxidant Capacities and Anticholinesterase and Carbonic Anhydrase Enzyme Inhibition Properties

Abstract The use of Schiff bases especially in chemistry, medicine, pharmacy, and various industries has increased the importance of these compounds. Schiff bases and their derivatives show important bioactive properties in a wide range. Compounds containing phenol and its derivatives in their molecular structures have the potential to capture free radicals associated with various diseases. In this study, five new Schiff bases (13–17) having piperidine rings containing phenol groups, which have the potential to be used as antioxidants, were synthesized for the first time using microwave energy. The antioxidant effects of the compounds used in the syntheses (7–12) and the obtained new Schiff bases (13–17) and their inhibitory abilities against some metabolic enzymes including acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and human carbonic anhydrases I and II (hCAs I and hCAs II) were determined. In addition to the experimental findings, molecular docking studies of the compounds against human acetylcholinesterase were performed in order to provide ideas on structure‐based drug design (PDB ID: 4EY6). In light of the results obtained, it is thought that this study will be useful and guide in the food, medical, and pharmaceutical industries in the future.