Male infertility – Laparoscopic approach in a case of persistent Müllerian duct syndrome

Persistent Müllerian duct syndrome (PMDS) is characterized by the persistence of Müllerian derivatives in a genotypically and phenotypically normal male. These patients have 46 XY karyotypes with normal male external genitalia, virilization, unilateral or bilateral undescended testes, bilateral fallopian tubes, a uterus, and an upper vagina draining into a prostatic utricle. We report a 25-year-old male on evaluation for primary infertility who was found to have bilateral cryptorchidism with a uterus and bilateral fallopian tubes. The laparoscopy helped us with the diagnosis, documentation of the findings, and to proceed for total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingectomy with left orchidopexy. PMDS should be considered for patients with bilateral cryptorchidism in adults. The radiological evaluation and diagnostic laparoscope are recommended for the diagnosis and subsequent counseling to the patient and family.